Book 22 book 23 book 24 quotes symbols themes glossary author biography. Achilles routs the trojans and splits their ranks, pursuing half of them into the river known to the gods as xanthus and to the mortals as. Book 22 hector now stands as the only trojan left outside troy. Menelaus sees the death of patroclus, and he goes to defend the body. Check out our revolutionary sidebyside summary and analysis. As all the troops of troy catch their breath within its walls, hector stands at the gates to withstand the coming raid. Priam sees him coming and cries out to hektor, who has stayed outside the walls to face the achaian warrior. But when achilles approaches, hector breaks and runs in.
Achilles follows the trojans into the river, hacking them to pieces with his sword. The free the iliad notes include comprehensive information and analysis to help you understand the book. Achilles pursues him thrice round the walls of troy. Geared to what todays students need to know, sparknotes provides chapterbychapter analysis. This brief meeting between achilles and hector foreshadows the lengthier battle between the two in book 22. It is a curious fact about the iliad that, for all its focus on the theme of death, it rarely shows characters longing for immortality. Achilles still chases apollo who turns and tells him that it. The point is, now that you know what the things are, its high time we jumped into the middle of them. But hector did deadly fate ensnare to abide there where he was in front of. The focus of the short quiz primarily concerns the plot of book 22. Murray 1 so they throughout the city, huddled in rout like fawns, were cooling their sweat and drinking and quenching their thirst, as they rested on the fair battlements. She fears the fate of their son, who will lack status without a father. Homer, iliad book 21 theoi classical texts library. The iliad sparknotes literature guide volume 35 sparknotes literature guide series 9781411469754.
So the fighting raged, while swiftfooted antilochus brought the news to achilles. Litcharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in the iliad, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. Homer, iliad book 22 theoi classical texts library. See a complete list of the characters in the iliad and indepth analyses of achilles, agamemnon, and hector. Created by harvard students for students everywhere, sparknotes is a new breed of study guide. The iliad book i s ing, o goddess, the anger of achilles son of peleus, that brought countless ills upon the achaeans.
Fardarter, most malicious of all gods, and have drawn me away. Homers epic poem the iliad tells the story of the trojan war and the epic heroes and gods, including achilles, hector, odysseus, athena, ares. Aug 30, 2007 book xxii recounts the climax of the iliad. Read an overview of the entire poem or a line by line summary and analysis. After several feints, achilles lunges and stabs hektor in the throat. This is the first of many, many scenes like it in the iliad. Murray 1 but when they were now come to the ford of the fairflowing river, even eddying xanthus that immortal zeus begat, there achilles cleft them asunder, and the one part he drave to the plain toward the city, even where the achaeans were fleeing in rout the day before, what time glorious hector was ragingthitherward poured forth some in rout, and. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of the iliad and what it means. Below you will find a synopsis of some of the main events to which the iliad refers. The battle between hektor and achilles brings about a reconsideration of two ideas that have been implicit throughout the iliad. As the other trojans recover from the battle behind the city walls, hektor remains alone outside the city to face achilleus. Iliad study guide contains a biography of homer, literature essays, a complete etext, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. The quarrel between achilles and agamemnon in book 1 of homers iliad sets in motion a chain of events that will affect the.
In fact, the death of hektor at the hand of achilleus is the climax and the height of the tension and battle of the entire iliad. These free notes consist of about 101 pages 30,062 words and contain the following sections. The first scene of the iliad finds chryses, the priest of apollo god of the sun and a whole lot of other stuff, approaching the achaian camp to ask for his daughter back. This is one of the few times when this happens, and it is interesting that hektor says it out of excitement wanting the moment to last forever instead of despair at a moment passing. This link contains a free pdf copy of homers iliad 6 and 22. Home english literature classic books the iliad book xxi navigate here note book i book ii book iii book iv book v book vi book vii book viii book ix book x book xi book xii book xiii book xiv book xv book xvi book xvii book xviii book xix book xx book xxi book xxii book xxiii book xxiv. Homers epic poem the iliad tells the story of the trojan war and the epic heroes and gods. Eventually, apollo lets achilleus know that he duped him. The iliad, together with the odyssey, is one of two ancient greek epic poems traditionally attributed to homer. Achilles chases the man he believes to be agenor, but soon apollo reveals himself to achilles, taunting him for chasing a god. Oct, 2017 the iliad book summary in under five minutes. The iliad sparknotes literature guides by sparknotes. The eagle of zeus again appears in book 24 as a sign of the gods approval of priams trip to the achaean camp.
Homer calls upon the goddess of poetry and inspiration the muse to sing of achilleus anger. The written version of the iliad presupposes a basic familiarity with the characters and mythological causes and effects of the trojan war. Hector, his attention focused on the fleeing horses of achilles, is made to look at the scene by apollo. The count of monte cristo sparknotes literature guide sparknotes literature guide series book 22 5. Achilles is angered that apollo has prevented him from gaining more glory, and begins running.
The iliad is an epic poem by homer that tells the story of several weeks in the last year of the decadelong trojan war in the greek camp, agamemnon and achilles, the greeks. Iliad 6 and 22 greek and latin texts with facing vocabulary. The narrative begins nine years after the start of the war, as the achaeans sack a trojanallied town and capture two beautiful maidens, chryseis and briseis. Achilles singlehandedly splits the trojan forces, driving one half towards the city and one half into the river. The iliad sparknotes literature guide by homer making the reading experience fun. Hera sends a mist to confuse and slow the retreat of the men going back towards the city. Homers epic poem the iliad tells the story of the trojan war and the epic heroes and gods, including achilles, hector, odysseus, athena, ares, paris.
Home english literature classic books the iliad book xxi navigate here note book i book ii book iii book iv book v book vi book vii book viii book ix book x book xi book xii book xiii book xiv book xv book xvi book xvii book xviii book. And the inevitability of its recoil for hector is further stressed by. Inextricably linked with hectors doom, the impending doom of troy lies especially heavy in book 22. Ultimately, the games function for the reader much as they do for the charactersas a diversion from grief. Priam, overlooking the battlefield from the trojan ramparts, begs him to come inside, but hector, having given the overconfident order for the trojans to camp outside their gates the night before, now feels too ashamed to join them in their retreat. Chryses, priest of apollo, comes to the greek camp to ransom his daughter, chryseis, held captive by agamemnon. Course heros video study guide provides indepth summary and analysis of book 22 of homers epic poem the iliad. Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans.
The translation sheets include the greek text in the left column and lined spaces in the right column for students to write out their translations and make annotations. The poet invokes a muse to aid him in telling the story of the rage of achilles, the greatest greek hero to fight in the trojan war. Even though moments like this may seem repetitive and gross, they are. Despite the pleas of his parents, hector waits outside the gates alone. The iliad sparknotes literature guide volume 35 sparknotes literature guide series paperback february 4, 2014 by sparknotes author, homer author 4. Book 9 of the iliad old phoenix calls for a man of words and a man of to. Homer structured the iliad so that at any point he could discuss any subject he chose. This makes the scene in which andromache learns of hectors death especially poignant. Home english literature classic books the iliad book xxii navigate here note book i book ii book iii book iv book v book vi book vii book viii book ix book x book xi book xii book xiii book xiv book xv book xvi book xvii book xviii book xix book xx book xxi book xxii book xxiii book xxiv.
Book 22 of homers the iliad brings about the resolution of the dispute between hector and achilles. Hector consults within himself what measures to take. Hektor is armed with only a sword, while achilles still has his spear. First, the priest chryses comes to ask their leader, king agamemnon, to release his daughter, whom agamemnon was holding captive. If you would like to check your knowledge of book 22 from the iliad, use the quizworksheet combo. Grendel sparknotes literature guide by john gardner making the reading experience fun. Achilles still chases apollo who turns and tells him that it is impossible to kill him. Achilleus is furious with the trick and moves quickly back to the city. While the achaeans and trojans prepare for battle, zeus summons the gods to mount olympus. The iliad summary in the tenth year of the trojan war, tensions are running high among the achaians a superancient name for the ancient greeks.
The last section of book xviii describes the giant shield that hephaistos, god of the forge, made for achilles. The text is fully hyperlinked to the index and vice versa. No doubt with this dour last sentence in this, the 22nd book of homers iliad, what has happened. He and euphorbus trade insults, and menelaus reminds him that he killed euphorbus brother hyperenor. The iliad begins with the poet calling on the muse to sing of the wrath of achilleus and its consequences. Achilles pursues the trojans to the ford of the river xanthus.
Summary of the iliad book 22 the death of hector hector achilles. He found him in front of the highsterned ships, agonising over the war, communing anxiously with his proud heart. Achilles is finally able to avenge the death of his dear friend, patroclus. The iliad is an ancient greek epic poem by homer that was first published in 762 bc. Lines 463465 standing over him, so theyd gloat and stab his body. Why is achilles mad at hector in the beginning of book 22. On a previous encounter, achilles captured lycaon and. Thus the trojans in the city scared like fawns wiped the sweatfrom off them and drank to quench their thirst leaning against thegoodly battlements. In this section of the epic, the feuds of the gods continue to echo the battles of the mortals. Iliad figured prominently in greek culture long before the epic was ever written down. Achilles was greatly angered and said, you have baulked me. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of. The poem is commonly dated to the 8th or 7th century bc, and many scholars believe it is the oldest extant work of literature in the greek language, making it the first work of european literature.
When a paper is due, and dreaded exams loom, heres the litcrit help students need to succeed. Look at the interaction between priam and hektor at the beginning of book 22. Priam foresees, as andromache did in book 7, that troy will fall without hector. The description of the shield is a digression justified by the fact that hektor now has achilles armor. As the human battles become ever more grave, however, the divine conflicts in these episodes seem ever more superfluous. The first idea is the conflict between the values symbolized by the two warriors. Find a summary of this and each chapter of the iliad. Book 35 of 57 in the sparknotes literature guide series. Apollo reveals he has tricked achilles into letting the trojans escape, and achilles runs back to troy like a deadly star. Summary of the iliad book 22 the death of hector free download as word doc. The translation sheets include the greek text in the left column and lined spaces in the right column for students to write out. Chapter summary for homers the iliad, book 24 summary.
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